What does phonology refer to in language?

Phonology refers to the system of rules concerning the sounds of a language and how those sounds can be combined. It encompasses the way sounds function in particular languages, including the organization and patterning of sounds and the rules that govern the pronunciation of phonemes. This understanding is crucial for language development, literacy, and overall communication skills.

In contrast, vocabulary pertains to the set of words used in a language, which does not directly address the rules governing sounds. The meaning of words and sentences relates to semantics, not phonology, while the structure of sentences is a matter of syntax. Recognizing that phonology specifically focuses on sound systems highlights its importance in language acquisition and processing.